MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS)
M
ultiple Sclerosis (MS) is the result of damage to myelin - a protective sheath surrounding nerve fibres of the central nervous system. When the myelin is damaged, this interferes with messages between the brain and other parts of the body.
For some people, MS is characterised by periods of relapse and remission while for others it has a progressive pattern. For everyone, it makes life unpredictable.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is not a cure for MS - but it seems to offer effective help with such critical symptoms as fatigue, poor balance and mobility, sensory perception difficulties, incontinence and, in some cases, speech problems.
Extensive international medical research has established hyperbaric oxygen therapy as part of an effective multiple sclerosis treatment program. In some European countries, it is not only the primary treatment, but also covered by insurance. In 1983, in Dundee, Scotland the first charity-run HBOT centre dedicated to the treatment of multiple sclerosis opened. This was an initiative of the former charity ARMS (Action and Research for Multiple Sclerosis). Since then the U.K. has provided more than 1.5 million HBO treatments for MS in 100 MS dedicated centers.
Unfortunately today, HBOT it is not considered a mainstream MS treatment and is not covered by insurance. However, the discrepancy between how North America perceives HBOT in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and how widely it is used in other countries is worth closer examination.
Articles, Studies & Additional Information
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for MS: My Experience
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The Controversy over Hyperbaric Oxygenation Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis Patients
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis: My Experience
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More on Multiple Sclerosis and Hyperbaric Oxygen
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Multiple Sclerosis
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Long-term Hyperbaric Oxygenation Retards Progression in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
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MS Society of the United Kingdom: Living with MS (Press report)
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PLASTIC/COSMETIC SURGERY RECOVERY
H
yperbarics can reduce the risks and scarring associated with surgery and help to speed healing, reducing long recovery periods.
The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy by cosmetic surgeons is on the rise. HBOT can benefit patients of the most popular cosmetic surgical procedures, such as abdominoplasty, rhinoplasty, liposuction, facelifts and breast augmentation. Chemical peels, laser resurfacing, blockages/necrosis caused by dermal fillers are non-surgical procedures where HBOT can prove to be extremely effective.
Whether performed for medical or cosmetic purposes, surgical procedures involve risks such as:
- Infections
- Scars
- Necrosis
- Seromas
- Vascular Anomalies
- Temporary Numness or Loss of Feeling
- Hematomas
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy helps mitigate these risk factors by healing the body from the inside out. We have a proven track record of success with patients from across the country.
Articles, Studies & Additional Information
Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Wound Healing and Return to Normal Activity in Breast Augmentation and Abdominoplasty Patients
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Chronic Wounds Heal Faster with Hyperbarics Surgery/ Plastic Surgery/ Reconstruction Surgery
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Facelift Healing Innovation: New Study Shows Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Decreases Bruising in Facelifts Patients by 35%
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment: From Professional Athletes to Plastic Surgery
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OTHER CONDITIONS
Please visit TORONTO HBOT for more information regarding the 14 labelled indications approved by Health Canada, covered under OHIP
- Chronic Non-Healing Wounds/Diabetic Ulcers
- Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
- Osteomyelitis (bone infections)
- Sudden Hearing Loss (ISSHL)
- Failing skin grafts and flaps/li>
- Gas Gangrene
- Decompression Sickness
- Necrotising Fasciitis (flesh eating disease)
- Arterial Gas Embolism
- Crush Injuries
- Burns
- Soft Tissue & Osteo Radionecrosis (Raidation burns)
- Severe Blood Loss Anemia/Chronic Anemia
- Cerebral Abscess
RSD & CRPS
R
eflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) is a chronic pain disorder associated with sensitivity to light touch swelling, skin color and temperature changes, weakness, abnormal sweating, muscle atrophy, and subsequent depression.
RSD can follow a simple trauma (fall or sprain) a break or fracture (especially wrist and ankle) a sharp force injury (such as a knife or bullet wound), heart problems, infections, surgery, RSI/CTS, spinal injuries/disorders, or major trauma. But the precipitating cause is not always known. The original injury may happen weeks, months, or even years before the proper diagnosis is made, which contributes to this problem. RSD strikes both men and women, but typically about 75% of patients are women. It strikes victims from 1 to 101, although about 65% of patients contract the disease in their thirties and/or forties.
There are four Main Symptoms/Criteria for a diagnosis of CRPS/RSDS:
- Constant Chronic Burning Pain
- Inflammation
- Spasms-in Blood Vessels & Muscles of the Extremities
- Insomnia/Emotional Disturbance (including limbic system changes)
Not all four symptoms are required for a diagnosis but most patients do have at least three out of the four at any one time.
Most people who suffer from RSD only receive pain management. This means being prescribed a multitude of narcotics, and antidepressants. Then RSD patients must start on a schedule of stellate ganglion /sympathetic blocks. With the exception of a few who respond initially, this expensive therapy is repeated weekly or monthly for the rest of the RSD patient’s life. When CRPS/RSDS sufferers fail to respond to these blocks, the patient is referred for morphine pump implants or spinal stimulators and requires ongoing physician management on a monthly basis to make the proper adjustments.
Hyperbaric oxygenation decreases inflammation and edema while increasing blood flow to the starved limbs and nerves that are damaged by the course of the disease. This in turn reduces fibrous tissue formation. Dr. Ken Stoller states, ?HBOT seems to break the viciousself sustaining cycle of reflex sympathetic dystrophy, because normalization of local tissue oxygen tension, pH and water interstitial content stops abnormal sensory nerve stimulation and efferent vasomotor activity.
Most RSD sufferers report a full night's sleep after a few treatments of HBOT along with a decreased need for narcotics. After a series of treatments, there is a reported noticeable improvement in thinking and diminished depression. The swelling of the effected arm or leg associated with RSD diminishes, and they are able to start physical therapy with marked improvement in muscle strength. Many people afflicted with RSD have then been able to return to a happier and more productive life, frequently returning to their prior occupation.
Since every patient is different it is hard to predict the result in each individual case. However, we know from 50 years of experience that HBOT is safe and will not make the patient worse. The usual course of oxygen therapy is once daily, five days a week (M-F) for eight weeks. If a significant response is noted after 40 HBOT treatments, then additional treatments may be helpful.
Articles, Studies & Additional Information
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD)
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Effectiveness of HBOT in the Treatment of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
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Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy And HBOT
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SPORTS INJURY & PERFORMANCE
T
he healing of a sports injury has its natural recovery, and follows a fairly constant pattern irrespective of the underlying cause. Three phases have been identified in this process: the inflammatory phase, the proliferative phase and the remodelling phase. Oxygen has an important role in each of these phases.
In the inflammatory phase, the hypoxia-induced factor-1α, which promotes, for example, the glycolytic system, vascularization and angiogenesis, has been shown to be important. However, if the oxygen supply could be controlled without promoting blood flow, the blood vessel permeability could be controlled to reduce swelling and consequently sharp pain.
In the proliferative phase, in musculoskeletal tissues (except cartilage), the oxygen supply to the injured area is gradually raised and is essential for the synthesis of extracellular matrix components such as fibronectin and proteoglycan.
In the remodelling phase, tissue is slowly replaced over many hours using the oxygen supply provided by the blood vessel already built into the organization of the musculoskeletal system, with the exception of the cartilage. If the damage is small, the tissue is recoverable with nearly perfect organization but, if the extent of the damage is large, a scar (consisting mainly of collagen) may replace tissue. Consequently, depending on the injury, this collagen will become deficiently hard or loose in the case of muscle or ligament repair, respectively.
The application of HBO for the treatment of sports injuries has recently been suggested in the scientific literature as a therapy modality: a primary or an adjunct treatment [Babul et al. 2003]. Although results have proven to be promising in terms of using HBO as a treatment modality in sports-related injuries, these studies have been limited due to the small sample sizes, lack of blinding and randomization problems [Babul and Rhodes, 2000].
Even fewer studies referring to the use of HBO in high level athletes can be found in the literature. Ishii and colleagues reported the use of HBO as a recovery method for muscular fatigue during the Nagano Winter Olympics [Ishii et al. 2005]. In this experiment seven Olympic athletes received HBO treatment for 30–40 minutes at 1.3 ATA with a maximum of six treatments per athlete and an average of two. It was found that all athletes benefited from the HBO treatment presenting faster recovery rates. These results are concordant with those obtained by Fischer and colleagues and Haapaniemi and colleagues that suggested that lactic acid and ammonia were removed faster with HBO treatment leading to shorter recovery periods [Haapaniemi et al. 1995; Fischer et al. 1988].
Also in our experience at the Matosinhos Hyperbaric Unit several situations, namely fractures and ligament injuries, have proved to benefit from faster recovery times when HBO treatments were applied to the athletes.
Articles, Studies & Additional Information
HBO Treatment News / Sports Injury - Hyperbaric Therapy Can Help Improve Athletic Performance
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How Can Hyperbaric Oxygen Contribute to Treatment?
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Sports Injuries
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Saints' Colston Credits Oxygen-Rich Cocoon for Quick Healing
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The Role of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Sports Medicine.
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STROKE
T
here are over 50,000 strokes in Canada each year. That’s one stroke every 10 minutes. 80% of strokes are ischemic caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain due to a blood clot. Blood (hemoglobin) is the main carrier of oxygen. In normal situations hemoglobin is 97% to 98% saturated with oxygen.
The lack of oxygen to the brains cell causes the cells to swell and ultimately break-down and allow fluid to move into the surrounding tissue, damaging previously “normal” cells. As this process continues, so does the damage resulting in a condition referred to as ischemic penumbra. Ischemic penumbra, contributed up to 85% of the disability resulting from stroke. By oxygenating the of the areas surrounding the damaged neurons, you are limiting further brain damage by improving cerebral oxygenation, relieve brain edema, prevents further blood clotting and reduces neuronal swelling. Though the use of HBO therapy these parts of the brain can heal and reestablish the brains lost connections.
Some reported benefits of hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a treatment for stroke:
- Reduces Stroke Recurrences
- Relieves Muscle Spasticity and Increases Muscle Strength
- Improves Mobility and Fine Motor Function
- Increased Physical/Exercise Capacity
- Improves Walking and Balance
- Improves Sensitivity
- Improves Mental Function Inlcuding Speech and Memory
- Improves Visual Acuity
- Improves Bowel and Bladder Ctonrol and Reduces Sexual Deficit
Not all four symptoms are required for a diagnosis but most patients do have at least three out of the four at any one time.
Articles, Studies & Additional Information
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy - Hope for Stroke Victims
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Cerebral Oxygenation and the Recoverable Brain
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Management of Haemorrhagic Stroke with Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy - A Case Report
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Offers New Hope for Stroke Victims
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Hyperbaric Oxygenation as an Adjunct Therapy in Strokes due to Thrombosis
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Reversibility of the Chronic Post-Stroke State
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The Improvement of Speech and Language Deficits in 3 Aphasic Stroke Patients by HBO Therapy
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Dr. Julian Whitaker's - Stroke & HBOT
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